913. To render the shrines of the Imams (Peace be upon them all) najis is forbidden. If it is rendered najis, it is obligatory to make it ÔÁhir if it is a cause of its desecration. In fact, recommended precaution dictates that it should be made ÔÁhir even if it is not the cause of its desecration.
1517. There is no problem if a person recites sÙrat al-FÁtiÎah and the second sÙrah five times in one rak‘ah, and sÙrat al-FÁtiÎah once, and divides the second sÙrah into five parts in the other rak‘ah.
914. It is forbidden to make a mat of the mosque najis, and precaution dictates that the one who rendered it najis should make it ÔÁhir. Recommended precaution dictates that one should make it ÔÁhir even if he was not the one to render it najis. However, if the najÁsah is a cause of its desecration, it must be made ÔÁhir.
1518. The things which are obligatory or recommended in the five daily prayers are also obligatory or recommended in the prayer for signs. However, if the prayer for signs is offerred in congregation, one should pronounce الصلاة (As-Salaat) three times with the intention of rajÁ instead of adhÁn and the iqÁmah.
915. It is forbidden to take an item that is essentially najis or mutanajjis to the mosque, if it will cause its desecration. In fact, the recommended precaution is that one should not take an item that is essentially najis to a mosque even if it will not cause its desecration.
1519. It is recommended to recite سمع الله لمن حمده (Same' Allahu Liman Hamidah) after the fifth and tenth rukÙ of the prayer. It is similarly recommended to recite takbÐr before and after every rukÙ. However, reciting takbÐr after the fifth and tenth rukÙ is not recommended.
1520. It is recommended to recite qunÙt before the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth rukÙ. It is also sufficient to recite it after the tenth rukÙ.
1521. If a person doubts how many rak‘ah he has performed in the prayer for signs, and he is unable to resolve his doubt, his prayer will be deemed invalid.
1522. If a person doubts whether he is in the final rukÙ of the first rak‘ah, or the first rukÙ of the second rak‘ah, and he is unable to resolve his doubt, his prayer will be invalid. If doubts regarding the number of rukÙ he has performed, he should assume the smaller number, except if he doubts whether he has performed four or five rukÙ. In this case he should perform the rukÙ regarding which he has doubted, if he entertained the doubt prior to bowing down for sujÙd. If he entertained the doubt after bowing to proceed for sujÙd, but before reaching sujÙd itself, obligatory precaution dictates that he should return and perform the rukÙ, complete his prayer and repeat it. However, if he entertained the doubt after reaching sujÙd, he should dismiss his doubt.
1523. Each of the rukÙ in the prayer for signs is a rukn. Therefore, if a person deliberately or inadvertently omits or adds to them, his prayer will be invalid.
916. If the mosque is utilized for lamentation ceremonies, and tents are erected, carpets are laid, black clothes are draped over the walls, or equipment for making tea is placed in it for the ceremonies, there is no problem in it as long as it does not obstruct people from praying and does not damage the mosque.
1524. The ‘Ðd al-FiÔr and the ‘Ðd al-AÃÎÁ prayers are obligatory while an Infallible Imam(Peace be upon him) is present, and should be offered in congregation. However, while the Imam(Peace be upon him) is in occultation, it is recommended to offer it. It can be offered in both congregation or individually. Obligatory precaution dictates that if it is offered in congregation, the number of people in the congregation should not be less than five.
917. To decorate the mosque with gold or with the depictions of living things, such as humans and animals, is not permissible based on obligatory precaution. As for the depictions of inanimate objects, such as a flower or a plant, it is makrÙh.
1525. The time in which the ‘Ðd al-FiÔr and ‘Ðd al-AÃÎÁ prayers should be offered is from sunrise of the day of ‘Ðd, up till its noon.
1526. It is recommended for the ‘Ðd al-AÃÎÁ prayer to be offered after light of the sun has covered the earth. As for ‘Ðd al-FiÔr, it is recommended that one break his fast after the light of the sun has covered the earth, and as dictated by obligatory precaution, pay the ZakÁt of fiÔrah and then offer the ‘Ðd prayer.
918. It is not permissible to sell a mosque, make it a part of one’s property, or a part of the highway, even if it is demolished.
1527. The ‘Ðd al-FiÔr and ‘Ðd al-AÃÎÁ prayers consist of two rak‘ah. After reciting sÙrat al-FÁtiÎah and the second sÙrah in the first rak‘ah, one should recite five takbÐrs. Obligatory precaution dictates that after each takbÐr, one should recite a qunÙt, and after the fifth qunÙt he should pronounce one more takbÐr. One should then proceed to rukÙ, and perform two sujÙd and then stand up. In the second rak‘ah, one should recite four takbÐrs, and after each takbÐr, recite a qunÙt. After the fourth qunÙt, one should recite the fifth takbÐr, proceed to rukÙ, and then perform two sujÙd. After the sujÙd, one should recite tashahhud, and complete his prayer with salÁm.
1528. It is sufficient to recite any dhikr or supplication in the qunÙt of ‘Ðd al-FiÔr and ‘Ðd al-AÃÎÁ. However, it is recommended to recite the following supplication that Shaykh TusÐ has cited in MiÒbÁh al-MutaHajjid:
اَللّهُمَّ اَهْلَ الْكِبْرِياءِ وَ الْعَظَمَةِ وَ اَهْلَ الْجُودِ وَ الْجَبَرُوتِ وَ اَهْلَ الْعَفْوِ وَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ اَهْلَ التَّقْوى وَ الْمَغْفِرَةِ اَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ هذَا الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي جَعَلْتَهُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عِيْداً وَ لِمُحَمَّد (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) ذُخْراً وَ مَزِيداً اَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلى مُحَمَّد وَ آلِ مُحَمَّد وَ اَنْ تُدْخِلَنِي فِي كُلِّ خَيْر اَدْخَلْتَ فِيهِ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَ مُحَمَّد وَ اَنْ تُخْرِجَنِي مِنْ كُلِّ سُوء اَخْرَجْتَ مِنْهُ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَ مُحَمَّد صَلَواتُكَ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، اَللّهُمَّ اِنِّي اَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ ما سَأَلَكَ بِهِ عِبادُكَ الصّالِحُونَ وَ اَعُوذُ بِكَ مِمَّا اسْتَعاذَ مِنْهُ عِبادُكَ الصّالِحُونَ (اَلْمُخْلَصُونَ ، الْمُخْلِصُونَ)».
Allahumma ahlal kibriyaai wal 'adhamati wa ahlal joodi wal jabarooti wa ahlal 'afwe war rahmati wa ahlat taqwa wal maghfira. As-aluka bi haqqi haadhal yaumil ladhi ja'altahu lil muslimeena 'eida, wa li Muhammadin sal'Allaahu alaihi wa aalihi wa sallam dhukhran wa wa mazeeda an tusallia 'ala Muhammadiw wa aali Muhammad wa an tudkhilani fi kulli khairin adkhalta feehi Muhammadaw wa aala Muhammad wa an tukhrijani min kulli soo-in akhrajta minhu Muhammadaw wa aala Muhammad, salawaatuka 'alaihi wa 'alaihim. Allahumma inni as-aluka khayra ma sa-alaka bihi 'ibaadukas salihoon, wa a'udhubika mimmas ta'aadha minhu 'ibadukas salihoon (al mukhlasoon, al mukhlisoon).
Yet better than the aforementioned supplication is the following supplication mentioned with a reliable transmission in al-TahdhÐb by him:
اَشْهَدُ اَنْ لا اِلهَ اِلاَّ اللّهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَ اَشْهَدُ اَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَ رَسُولُهُ ، اَللّهُمَّ اَنْتَ اَهْلُ الْكِبْرِياءِ وَ الْعَظَمَةِ وَ اَهْلُ الْجُودِ وَ الْجَبَرُوتِ وَ الْقُدْرَةِ وَ الْسُّلْطانِ وَ الْعِزَّةِ ، اَسْأَلُكَ فِي هذَا الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي جَعَلْتَهُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عِيْداً وَ لِمُحَمَّد (صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم) ذُخْراً وَ مَزِيداً ، اَسْأَلُكَ اَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلى مُحَمَّد وَ الِ مُحَمَّد وَ اَنْ تُصَلِّيَ عَلى مَلائِكَتِكَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ وَ اَنْبِيائِكَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ وَ اَنْ تَغْفِرَ لَنا وَ لِجَمِيعِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِناتِ وَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْمُسْلِماتِ اَلاَحْياءِ مِنْهُمْ وَ الْاَمْواتِ ، اَللّهُمَّ اِنِّي اَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ خَيْرِ ما سَأَلَكَ عِبادُكَ الْمُرْسَلُونَ وَ اَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ ما عاذَ بِهِ عِبادُكَ الْمُخْلَصُونَ ، اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ اَوَّلُ كُلِّ شَيْئ وَ اخِرُهُ وَ بَدِيعُ كُلِّ شَيْئ وَ مُنْتَهاهُ وَ عالِمُ كُلِّ شَيْئ وَ مَعادُهُ وَ مَصِيرُ كُلِّ شَيْئ اِلَيْهِ وَ مَرَدُّهُ وَ مُدَبِّرُ الْاُمُورِ وَ باعِثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ ، قابِلُ الْاَعْمالِ مُبْدِى الْخَفِيّاتِ مُعْلِنُ السَّرائِرِ ، اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ عَظِيمُ الْمَلَكُوتِ شَدِيدُ الْجَبَرُوتِ حَيٌّ لا يَمُوتُ دائِمٌ لا يَزُولُ اِذا قَضى اَمْراً فَاِنَّما يَقُولُ لَهُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ ، اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ خَشَعَتْ لَكَ الْاَصْواتُ وَ عَنَتْ لَكَ الْوُجُوهُ وَ حارَتْ دُونَكَ الْاَبْصارُ وَكَلَّتِ الْاَلْسُنُ عَنْ عَظَمَتِكَ وَ النَّواصِي كُلُّها بِيَدِكَ وَ مَقادِيْرُ الامُورِ كُلُّها اِلَيْكَ ، لا يَقْضِي فِيها غَيْرُكَ وَ لا يَتِمُّ مِنْها شَيْئٌ دُونَكَ ، اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ اَحاطَ بِكُلِّ شَيْئ حِفْظُكَ وَ قَهَرَ كُلَّ شَيْئ عِزُّكَ وَ نَفَذَ كُلَّ شَيْئ اَمْرُكَ وَ قامَ كُلُّ شَيْئ بِكَ وَ تَواضَعَ كُلُّ شَيْئ لِعَظَمَتِكَ وَ ذَلَّ كُلُّ شَيْئ لِعِزَّتِكَ وَ اسْتَسْلَمَ كُلُّ شَيْئ لِقُدْرَتِكَ وَ خَضَعَ كُلُّ شَيْئ لِمُلْكِكَ ، اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ
Ash'hadu an la ilaaha ill'Allaahu wahdahu la shareeka lahu wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasuluh. Allahumma anta ahlul kibriyaai wal 'adhamati wa ahlul joodi wal jabarooti wal qudrati was sultaani wal 'idhdha. As-aluka fee haadhal yaumil ladhi ja'altahu lil muslimeena 'eida wa li Muhammadin sal'Allaahu 'alaihi wa aalihi wa sallama dhukhraw wa mazeeda. As-aluka an tusallia 'ala Muhammadiw wa aali Muhammadiw wa an tusallia 'ala malaaikatikal muqarrabeena wa anbeeyaikal mursaleen, wa ‘an taghfira lana wa li jamee’ elmu’menina wal mu’minate wal muslimeena wal muslimaatil ahyaai minhum wal amwaat. Allaahumma inni as-aluka min khayri ma sa-alaka 'ibaadukal mursaloona wa a'udhubika min sharri ma'adha bihi 'ibaadukal mukhlasoon. Allaahu akbaru awwalu kulli shay iw wa aakhiruhu wa badee'u kulli shay iw wa muntahaahu wa 'aalimu kulli shay iw wa ma'aduhu wa maseeru kulli shay-in ilaihi wa maradduhu wa mudabbirul umoori wa ba'ithu man fil quboor. Qabilul a'maali mubdil khafiyyaati mu'linus saraair. Allaahu akbaru 'adheemul malakooti shadeedul jabarooti hayyun la yamootu da-imul la yazoolu idha qadha amran fa innama yaqoolu lahu kun fayakoon. Allaahu akbaru khasha'at lakal aswaatu wa 'anat lakal wujoohu wa haarat doonakal absaaru wa kallatil alsunu 'an 'adhamatika wan nawaasiya kulluha biyadika wa maqadeerul umoori kulluha ilaik. La yaqdhi feeha ghayruka wa laa yatimmu minha shay-un doonak. Allaahu akbaru ahaata bi kulli shay-in hifdhuka wa qahara kulla shay-in 'izzuka wa nafadha kulla shay-in amruka wa qaama kullu shay-in bika wa tawadha'a kullu shay-in li 'adhamatika wa dhalla kullu shay-in li 'izzatika was taslama kullu shay-in li qudratika wa khadha'a kullu shay-in li mulkika, Allaahu akbar.
1529. Recommended precaution dictates that during the occultation of the Imam (Peace be upon him), two sermons should be recited in congregation after the ‘Ðd al-FiÔr and ‘Ðd al-AÃÎÁ prayers. It is better that in the sermon of ‘Ðd al-FiÔr prayers, the precepts pertaining to ZakÁt of fiÔrah, and in the sermon of ‘Ðd al-AÃÎÁ prayers, precepts pertaining to sacrifice be discussed.
1530. There is no specific sÙrah for ‘Ðd prayers. However, it is better that sÙrat al-A‘lÁ (the 87th chapter of the Qur’an) be recited in the first rak‘ah, and sÙrat al-Shams (the 91st chapter of the Qur’an) be recited in the second rak‘ah. The most worthy however, is that sÙrat al-Shams be recited in the first rak‘ah, and sÙrat al-ghÁshiyah (the 88th chapter of the Qur’an) be recited in the second rak‘ah.
1531. It is recommended to offer 'Ðd prayers in the desert. However, in Mecca, it is recommended to offer it in Masjid al-ÍarÁm.
1532. It is recommended for both the imam and the followers to perform ghusl prior to offering the ‘Ðd prayers. It is also recommended for them to wear a white turban made of cotton, leaving one end of it over the chest, with the other end placed between the two shoulders. They should walk bear footed with dignity to the place of prayer.
1533. It is recommended to perform the sujÙd of ‘Ðd prayers on the ground. It is recommended to raise the hands up to the ears while reciting the takbÐrs, and for the imam to recite the qira’ah aloud.
1534. It is recommended to recite the following takbÐr after maghrib and ‘ishÁ prayers on the eve of 'Ðd al-FiÔr, after morning prayer on the day of 'Ðd, and after 'Ðd al-FiÔr prayers:
اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ ، اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ ، لا اِلهَ اِلاَّ اللّهُ وَ اللّهُ اَكْبَرُ ، اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ وَ لِلّهِ الْحَمْدُ ، اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ عَلى ما هَدانا
Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, laa ilaaha ill’Allahu wallaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, wa lillaahil hamd, Allaahu akbaru ‘ala ma hadaana
1535. It is recommended to recite the takbÐr mentioned in the previous article on ‘Ðd al-AÃÎÁ after offering ten prayers, the first of them being the Ûuhr prayer on the day of ‘Ðd, and the last of them being the morning prayer of the twelfth day of dhul Îijjah. It is also recommended to recite the following takbÐr after reciting the takbÐr mentioned in the previous article.
اَللّهُ اَكْبَرُ عَلى ما رَزَقَنا مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الْاَنْعامِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ عَلى ما اَبْلانا
Allaahu akbaru 'ala ma razaqana min baheematil an'aami wal hamdulillaahi 'ala ma ablaana
However, if a person is in MinÁ during ‘Ðd al-aÃÎÁ, it is recommended for him to recite the takbÐr after fifteen prayers, the first of them being the Ûuhr prayer on the day of ‘Ðd, and the last of them being the morning prayer on the thirteenth day of dhul Îijjah.
1536. Recommended precaution dictates that women should avoid attending ‘Ðd prayers. However, this precaution does not apply to elderly women.
1537. Similar to other prayers, the follower should recite everything himself other than sÙrat al-FÁtiÎah and the second sÙrah in the 'Ðd prayers.
1538. If a follower joins the ‘Ðd prayer after the imam has already recited some of the takbÐrs, then after the imam has proceeded to rukÙ, he should recite the takbÐr and the qunÙt that he did not recite with the imam and then join the imam in rukÙ. It is sufficient for him to recite سُبْحانَ اللّهِ (Subhan'Allah) once, or اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ (Alhamdulillah) once in every qunÙt.
1539. If a person joins the ‘Ðd prayer when the imam is in rukÙ, he may make his intention, recite the first takbÐr of the prayer, and then proceed to rukÙ. However precaution dictates that the prayer should be offered with the intention of rajÁÞ.
1540. If a person forgets one sujÙd from the last rak‘ah, or the tashahhud, he should return and perform them so long as he has not performed an act that invalidates ‘Ðd prayers. Obligatory precaution dictates that if the sujÙd is from the previous rak‘ah, he should offer its qaÃÁ. In any case, if he has performed an act which would mandate him to perform sajdat al-sahw in the daily prayers—though it be precautionary—obligatory precaution dictates that he perform two sajdat al-sahw.
